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Perioperative management for parturients with pulmonary hypertension: experience with 30 consecutive

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 395-395 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0289-8

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Clinical characteristics of pulmonary hypertension in bronchiectasis

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 336-344 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0461-z

摘要：

Pulmonary hypertension (PH), as a complication of bronchiectasis, is associated with increased mortality. However, hemodynamic characteristics and the efficacy of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) therapies in patients with bronchiectasis and PH remain unknown. Patients with bilateral bronchiectasis and concurrent PH were included in the study. Patient characteristics at baseline and during follow-up, as well as survival, were analyzed. This observational study was conducted in 36 patients with a mean age of 51.5 years (range, 17?74 years). The 6 min walking distance was 300.8±93.3 m. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was 41.5±11.7 mmHg, cardiac output was 5.2±1.4 L/min, and pulmonary vascular resistance was 561.5±281.5 dyn·s·cm−5. The mean PAP was>35 mmHg in 75% of the cases. Mean PAP was inversely correlated with arterial oxygen saturation values (r = −0.45, P = 0.02). In 24 patients who received oral PAH therapy, systolic PAP was reduced from 82.4±27.0 mmHg to 65.5±20.9 mmHg (P = 0.025) on echocardiography after a median of 6 months of follow-up. The overall probability of survival was 97.1% at 1 year, 83.4% at 3 years, and 64.5% at 5 years. Given the results, we conclude that PH with severe hemodynamic impairment can occur in patients with bilateral bronchiectasis, and PAH therapy might improve hemodynamics in such patients. Prospective clinical trials focusing on this patient population are warranted.

关键词： bronchiectasis     hemodynamics     pulmonary hypertension    

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Clinical characteristics in lymphangioleiomyomatosis-related pulmonary hypertension: an observation on

Xiuxiu Wu, Wenshuai Xu, Jun Wang, Xinlun Tian, Zhuang Tian, Kaifeng Xu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 259-266 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0634-z

摘要： Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare diffuse cystic lung disease. Knowledge on LAM-related pulmonary hypertension (PH) is limited. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of LAM with elevated pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and evaluate the potential efficacy of sirolimus. The study involved 50 LAM patients who underwent echocardiography. According to the tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV), these patients were divided into the TRV≤2.8 m/s group and TRV>2.8 m/s group. Both groups comprised 25 females with an average age of 38.6±8.1 and 41.5±8.9 years. In the TRV>2.8 m/s group, the estimated systolic PAP (SPAP) was significantly elevated (52.08±12.45 mmHg vs. 30.24±5.25mmHg, <0.01). Linear analysis showed that SPAP was correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV ), diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide, alveolar arterial oxygen gradient (P O ), and 6 min walking distance ( = −0.392, −0.351, 0.450, and −0.591, respectively; <0.05), in which P O was a risk factor for SPAP elevation ( = 0.064, OR= 1.066, <0.05). Moreover, in 10 patients who received sirolimus therapy, SPAP decreased from 57.0±12.6 mmHg to 35.2±11.1 mmHg. The study showed that LAM patients with PH exhibit poor pulmonary function and hypoxemia and may benefit from sirolimus treatment.

关键词： lymphangioleiomyomatosis     pulmonary hypertension     pulmonary function     hypoxemia     sirolimus    

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Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 425-432 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0295-x

摘要：

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and is mainly characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Given that multiple systems other than the lung can be impaired in COPD patients, the traditional FEV1/FVC ratio shows many limitations in COPD diagnosis and assessment. Certain heterogeneities are found in terms of clinical manifestations, physiology, imaging findings, and inflammatory reactions in COPD patients; thus, phenotyping can provide effective information for the prognosis and treatment. However, phenotypes are often based on symptoms or pathophysiological impairments in late-stage COPD, and the role of phenotypes in COPD prevention and early diagnosis remains unclear. This shortcoming may be overcome by the potential genotypes defined by the heterogeneities in certain genes. This review briefly describes the heterogeneity of COPD, with focus on recent advances in the correlations between genotypes and phenotypes. The potential roles of these genotypes and phenotypes in the molecular mechanisms and management of COPD are also elucidated.

关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease     heterogeneity     phenotype     genotype     prediction    

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Survey on deep learning for pulmonary medical imaging

Jiechao Ma, Yang Song, Xi Tian, Yiting Hua, Rongguo Zhang, Jianlin Wu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 450-469 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0726-4

摘要： As a promising method in artificial intelligence, deep learning has been proven successful in several domains ranging from acoustics and images to natural language processing. With medical imaging becoming an important part of disease screening and diagnosis, deep learning-based approaches have emerged as powerful techniques in medical image areas. In this process, feature representations are learned directly and automatically from data, leading to remarkable breakthroughs in the medical field. Deep learning has been widely applied in medical imaging for improved image analysis. This paper reviews the major deep learning techniques in this time of rapid evolution and summarizes some of its key contributions and state-of-the-art outcomes. The topics include classification, detection, and segmentation tasks on medical image analysis with respect to pulmonary medical images, datasets, and benchmarks. A comprehensive overview of these methods implemented on various lung diseases consisting of pulmonary nodule diseases, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, and interstitial lung disease is also provided. Lastly, the application of deep learning techniques to the medical image and an analysis of their future challenges and potential directions are discussed.

关键词： deep learning     neural networks     pulmonary medical image     survey    

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J-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension: a nationwide cohort study

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 156-164 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0932-3

摘要： We aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary zinc intake with new-onset hypertension among Chinese adults. A total of 12,177 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included. Dietary intake was assessed by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. Participants with systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or diagnosed by a physician or under antihypertensive treatment during the follow-up were defined as having new-onset hypertension. During a median follow-up duration of 6.1 years, 4269 participants developed new-onset hypertension. Overall, the association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension followed a J-shape (P for non-linearity < 0.001). The risk of new-onset hypertension significantly decreased with the increment of dietary zinc intake (per mg/day: hazard ratio (HR) 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88–0.98) in participants with zinc intake < 10.9 mg/day, and increased with the increment of zinc intake (per mg/day: HR 1.14; 95% CI 1.11–1.16) in participants with zinc intake ≥ 10.9 mg/day. In conclusion, there was a J-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension in general Chinese adults, with an inflection point at about 10.9 mg/day.

关键词： dietary zinc intake     new-onset hypertension     general population     CHNS    

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Metabolic hypertension: concept and practice

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 201-206 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0264-4

摘要：

Hypertension is a serious public health problem worldwide. More than 60% of the risk factors for hypertension are associated with metabolic disturbances. Metabolic abnormalities increase the risk for hypertension and cause high blood pressure. Improving metabolic disturbances is beneficial for hypertension treatment. Due to the importance of metabolic abnormalities in the pathogenesis of hypertension, we propose a concept of metabolic hypertension. In this review, we discuss and review the clinical types, pathogenesis, risk evaluation and management of metabolic hypertension. Elucidation of the mechanism of metabolic hypertension should facilitate the design of novel pharmacotherapeutics and dedicated antihypertensive manipulations.

关键词： hypertension     cardiometabolic risk factors     metabolic abnormalities    

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Protein microspheres for pulmonary drug delivery

Yongda SUN,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 82-86 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0307-1

摘要： A new supercritical fluid (SCF) technique was developed for the preparation of microspheres for pulmonary drug delivery (PDD). This technique, based on the anti-solvent process, has incorporated advanced engineering design features to enable improved control of the particle formation process. Human recombinant insulin (HRI) was used as a model compound to evaluate the efficiency of this SCF process. An aqueous solution of HRI with a co-solvent was sprayed into high pressure carbon dioxide that extracted the solvent and water, leading to a dry fine powder with good particle size distribution and near ideal morphology for pulmonary drug delivery.

关键词： advanced engineering     improved     pressure     aqueous     technique    

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Treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis in the past decade in the mainland of China: a meta-analysis

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 354-366 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0257-3

摘要：

Due to the implementation of directly observed treatment strategy (DOTS), China has made a significant achievement in tackling the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic in the 1990s. However, only half of regions in China met or exceeded the 85% rate of treatment success target. The aim of the present study is to summarize the treatment outcomes of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the mainland of China in the past decade using meta-analysis based on systematic review of published observational studies. A total of 50 eligible articles (58 studies) were identified and included in this study. The summarized treatment success rates were 93.9% (95% CI, 92.8%–94.7%) for new cases and 85.4% (95% CI, 83.0%–87.6%) for previously treated cases, and the summarized cured rate were 92.2% (95% CI, 90.9%–93.3%) and 81.2% (95% CI, 79.1%–83.1%), respectively. A remarkable increase of rates for treatment success and cure was observed in the 1990s. After 2000, the summarized treatment outcomes were tending towards stability. In addition, geographic areas, type of the data and administrative level of the hospital were also found to influence the estimates of the treatment outcomes. Results of the present study clearly show, in general, that the pulmonary TB treatment achieved significant success in the past decade in the mainland of China. However, it needs to be further strengthened in the central and west areas.

关键词： tuberculosis     treatment     outcome     China     meta-analysis    

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A modified chronic ocular hypertension rat model for retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 367-377 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0266-2

摘要：

This study aimed to modify a chronic ocular hypertension (OHT) rat model to screen for potential compounds to protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from responding to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). A total of 266 rats were prepared and randomly grouped according to different time-points, namely, weeks 3, 8, 16, and 24. Rats were sedated and eye examination was performed to score as the corneal damage on a scale of 1 to 4. The OHT rat model was created via the injection of a hypertonic saline solution into the episcleral veins once weekly for two weeks. OHT was identified when the IOP at week 0 was≥6 mmHg than that at week -2 for the same eye. Viable RGCs were labeled by injecting 4% FluoroGold. Rats were sacrificed, and the eyes were enucleated and fixed. The fixed retinas were dissected to prepare flat whole-mounts. The viable RGCs were visualized and imaged. The IOP (meanβ±βSD) was calculated, and data were analyzed by the paired t-test and one-way ANOVA. The OHT model was created in 234 of 266 rats (87.97%), whereas 32 rats (12.03%) were removed from the study because of the absence of IOP elevation (11.28%) and/or corneal damage scores over 4 (0.75%). IOP was elevated by as much as 81.35% for 24 weeks. The average IOP was (16.68β±β0.98)βmmHg in non-OHT eyes (n = 234), but was (27.95±0.97)βmmHg in OHT eyes (n = 234). Viable RGCs in the OHT eyes were significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner by 29.41%, 38.24%, 55.32%, and 59.30% at weeks 3, 8, 16, and 24, respectively, as compared to viable RGCs in the non-OHT eyes (P<β0.05). The OHT model was successfully created in 88% of the rats. The IOP in the OHT eyes was elevated by approximately 81% for 24 weeks. The number of viable RGCs was decreased by 59% of the rats in a time-dependent manner. The modified OHT model may provide an effective and reliable method for screening drugs to protect RGCs from glaucoma.

关键词： chronic ocular hypertension     intraocular pressure     retinal ganglion cells     neuroprotection     glaucoma    

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Effectiveness of lifestyle intervention for hypertension in Shanghai communities: Results from the ShanghaiHypertension Detail Management Program

Xin-Jian LI MD, Min-Na CHENG MPH, Yu-Heng WANG MD, Sun MIAO MPH, Zong-Qi ZHANG PhD, Yi-Sheng CHEN MD, Wei LU PhD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 67-70 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0023-8

摘要： A community-based multi-center randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of blood pressure control for hypertension patients in communities in urban Shanghai by integrated intervention. At present, patients (=1395) from four communities have completed follow-up for one year, including the intervention group (=921) and usual care group (=474). The intervention programs included disease management by a care manager. Blood pressure of each patient was measured regularly. Compared with the control group, the net change of mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was −6.75 (95% CI: −7.79 to −5.71, <0.001) mmHg, mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was −4.29 (95% CI: −5.08 to −3.49, <0.001) mmHg, and mean pulse pressure (PP) was −2.46 (95% CI: −3.50 to −1.43, <0.001) mmHg in the intervention group. The net change extent was larger in patients with regular pharmacological treatment than in those with irregular pharmacological treatment or non-pharmacological treatment. The measures of integrated intervention for hypertension patients in communities can lower significantly not only SBP and DBP, but also PP. It is suggested that measures of integrated intervention can decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases in hypertension patients.

关键词： hypertension     community     pharmacological adherence     control of blood pressure    

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Obesity and overweight prevalence and its association with undiagnosed hypertension in Shanghai population

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 322-328 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0204-8

摘要：

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obese subjects in the Shanghai population of China and its association with undiagnosed hypertension, by taking age, gender and place of residence (urban or suburban) into account. A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted in 2007. The sample included 13 359 participants aged 15–69 years. Weight, height, and blood pressure were recorded, and information about gender, age and place of residence was obtained. Overweight and obesity prevalence were calculated by the body mass index (BMI) definition recommended by Working Group on Obesity in China (normal weight, 18.5–23.9 kg/m2; overweight, 24–27.9 kg/m2; obesity,≥28 kg/m2). Undiagnosed hypertension was defined by China criteria in accord with that of WHO-ISH (subjects with systolic pressure≥140 mmHg, and/or diastolic pressure≥90 mmHg). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association of overweight or obesity with undiagnosed hypertension by adjusting for age, gender and place of residence. The overall overweight, obesity, and undiagnosed hypertension prevalence were 27.6% (95% CI: 26.8–28.4), 6.6% (95% CI: 6.2–7.0), and 15.5% (95% CI: 14.9–16.1), respectively. Compared to normal weight subjects, the odds ratios (OR) for subjects who were overweight and had hypertension was 2.33 (95% CI: 2.10–2.59); that for obesity and hypertension was 4.27 (95% CI: 3.66–4.99). These data suggest that overweight and obesity prevalence and their association with undiagnosed hypertension are high in our study population.

关键词： overweight     obesity     undiagnosed hypertension     prevalence     association    

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Improved control of hypertension following laparoscopic fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 68-73 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0490-7

摘要：

This study aims to determine whether successful laparoscopic fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can improve the control of hypertension. We conducted an observational study of GERD patients with hypertension. The esophageal and gastroesophageal symptoms of these patients were successfully treated with laparoscopic fundoplication, as measured by the reduced GERD symptoms and proton pump inhibitor consumption. A hypertension control scale was used to classify the use of antihypertensive medications and the quality of blood pressure control before and after anti-reflux surgery. Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used for the statistical analyses. Seventy GERD patients were included in the analysis and followed up for a mean period of 3.5±1.4 years. Prior to surgery, all participating patients were taking at least one class of antihypertensive medication, and 56 patients (80%) had intermittently high blood pressure. After surgery, the mean number of antihypertensive medication classes per patient was significantly reduced from 1.61±0.77 pre-procedure to 1.27±0.88 post-procedure (P?<?0.001). The blood pressure of 48 of the 56 cases (86%) with preoperative intermittent high blood pressure returned to normal post procedure. A total of 50 patients (71%) recorded improvements on the hypertension control scale, with the overall mean score decreasing from 3.1±1.0 pre-procedure to 1.4±1.0 post-procedure (P?<?0.001). Therefore, successful laparoscopic fundoplication may result in better blood pressure control in some hypertensive GERD patients. This result suggests a possible connection between gastroesophageal reflux and hypertension.

关键词： gastroesophageal reflux disease     hypertension     blood pressure     laparoscopic fundoplication    

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Effect of Feixian Recipe on laminin, collagen I and III in rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin

ZHANG Xiaomei, JIANG Liangduo, ZHANG Wei, WU Jianjun, LU Xiangfeng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 314-316 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0060-8

摘要： The aim of this paper is to observe the effect of the Feixian Recipe on pulmonary fibrosis in rats. A rat model with pulmonary fibrosis was established by intratracheal injection of bleomycin. On days 14, 28 and 45, the contents of laminin, collagen I and collagen III in lung tissue homogenate in the model group, the sham operated group, the Feixian group and the prednisone group were measured. The contents of laminin and collagen I and III were decreased significantly by the Feixian Recipe. Feixian Recipe has a significant therapeutic effect on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.

关键词： bleomycin     intratracheal injection     prednisone     collagen     bleomycin-induced pulmonary    

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mycelium inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inactivating the midkine pathway in pulmonary

Li Lu, Haiyan Zhu, Hailin Wang, Huaping Liang, Yayi Hou, Huan Dou

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 313-329 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0737-1

摘要： The medical fungus has been used as a Chinese folk health supplement because of its immunomodulatory properties. Our previous studies established the antifibrotic action of mycelium (HSM) in the lung. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The present study investigates the role of HSM in mediating EMT during the development of pulmonary fibrosis. HSM significantly inhibits bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis by blocking the EMT. In addition, the expression levels of midkine are increased in the lungs of the BLM-induced group. Further analysis of the results indicates that the mRNA level of midkine correlated positively with EMT. HSM markedly abrogates the transforming growth factor β-induced EMT-like phenotype and behavior . The activation of midkine related signaling pathway is ameliorated following HSM treatment, whereas this extract also caused an effective attenuation of the induction of EMT (caused by midkine overexpression) . Results further confirm that oral medication of HSM disrupted the midkine pathway . Overall, findings suggest that the midkine pathway and the regulation of the EMT may be considered novel candidate therapeutic targets for the antifibrotic effects caused by HSM.

关键词： epithelial−mesenchymal transition     H. sinensis mycelium     midkine     pulmonary fibrosis    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Perioperative management for parturients with pulmonary hypertension: experience with 30 consecutive

null

期刊论文

Clinical characteristics of pulmonary hypertension in bronchiectasis

null

期刊论文

Clinical characteristics in lymphangioleiomyomatosis-related pulmonary hypertension: an observation on

Xiuxiu Wu, Wenshuai Xu, Jun Wang, Xinlun Tian, Zhuang Tian, Kaifeng Xu

期刊论文

Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype

null

期刊论文

Survey on deep learning for pulmonary medical imaging

Jiechao Ma, Yang Song, Xi Tian, Yiting Hua, Rongguo Zhang, Jianlin Wu

期刊论文

J-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension: a nationwide cohort study

期刊论文

Metabolic hypertension: concept and practice

null

期刊论文

Protein microspheres for pulmonary drug delivery

Yongda SUN,

期刊论文

Treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis in the past decade in the mainland of China: a meta-analysis

null

期刊论文

A modified chronic ocular hypertension rat model for retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection

null

期刊论文

Effectiveness of lifestyle intervention for hypertension in Shanghai communities: Results from the ShanghaiHypertension Detail Management Program

Xin-Jian LI MD, Min-Na CHENG MPH, Yu-Heng WANG MD, Sun MIAO MPH, Zong-Qi ZHANG PhD, Yi-Sheng CHEN MD, Wei LU PhD,

期刊论文

Obesity and overweight prevalence and its association with undiagnosed hypertension in Shanghai population

null

期刊论文

Improved control of hypertension following laparoscopic fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease

null

期刊论文

Effect of Feixian Recipe on laminin, collagen I and III in rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin

ZHANG Xiaomei, JIANG Liangduo, ZHANG Wei, WU Jianjun, LU Xiangfeng

期刊论文

mycelium inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inactivating the midkine pathway in pulmonary

Li Lu, Haiyan Zhu, Hailin Wang, Huaping Liang, Yayi Hou, Huan Dou

期刊论文